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1. Noun
A word that names a person, place, thing, animal, or idea.
Definition: A noun is a naming word. It identifies who or what a sentence is about. Nouns can be proper (specific names: India, Rohan), common (general: city, dog), abstract (ideas: love, freedom), or collective (groups: herd, team).
dogLondonhappinessteam
Q 1
Which of the following is a proper noun?
✅ Amazon is a proper noun — it is the specific name of a famous river (and company). Proper nouns always start with a capital letter.
❌ That is a common noun. A proper noun names a specific person, place, or thing — like Amazon. Proper nouns are always capitalised.
Q 2
Identify the abstract noun in the sentence: "Her courage inspired the whole class."
✅ Courage is an abstract noun — it names a quality or feeling that cannot be seen or touched. Other examples include wisdom, honesty, joy.
❌ Not quite. Courage is the abstract noun here — it names a concept (bravery) that cannot be physically touched or seen.
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2. Pronoun
A word that takes the place of a noun to avoid repetition.
Definition: A pronoun substitutes for a noun or noun phrase. Types include personal (I, you, he, she, they), possessive (my, your, his, their), reflexive (myself, himself), demonstrative (this, that), and relative (who, which).
hetheyherselfwho
Q 3
Which sentence uses a reflexive pronoun correctly?
✅ "Himself" is a reflexive pronoun — it refers back to the subject "He." Reflexive pronouns end in -self or -selves.
❌ The correct answer is B. Himself is a reflexive pronoun that refers back to the subject. Reflexive pronouns always end in -self or -selves.
Q 4
Choose the correct possessive pronoun to complete: "The red bag is ___."
✅ Hers is the correct possessive pronoun — no apostrophe needed. Possessive pronouns (mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs) never use an apostrophe.
❌ The correct answer is hers. Possessive pronouns — mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs — do NOT use apostrophes.
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3. Verb
A word that expresses an action, occurrence, or state of being.
Definition: A verb is the heart of every sentence. It tells us what the subject does (action verb: run, write), what happens (occur: rain, happen), or what the subject is (linking verb: is, seems, becomes). Verbs also show tense — past, present, or future.
runisseemswrote
Q 5
Which sentence contains a linking verb?
✅ "Smells" is a linking verb — it connects the subject (soup) to a describing word (delicious) without showing physical action. Common linking verbs: is, are, seem, feel, taste, look, appear.
❌ The correct answer is C. Smells is a linking verb — it connects "soup" to "delicious" describing its quality, not showing action.
Q 6
Identify the auxiliary (helping) verb in: "She has been working all day."
✅ Has been are auxiliary (helping) verbs that support the main verb "working." They indicate the perfect continuous tense. Other auxiliaries: is, was, will, can, might, should.
❌ The auxiliary verbs are has been — they help the main verb "working" express tense and aspect. They are known as helping verbs.
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4. Adjective
A word that describes or modifies a noun or pronoun.
Definition: An adjective gives more information about a noun — its size, colour, shape, quantity, or quality. Adjectives answer questions like What kind? How many? Which one? They can compare using degrees: positive (tall), comparative (taller), superlative (tallest).
tallthreebeautifulancient
Q 7
Which word in the sentence is an adjective? "The tiny bird sat on a broken branch."
✅ Tiny is an adjective — it describes the noun "bird" by telling us its size. (Note: broken is also an adjective in this sentence, describing "branch.")
❌ The adjective is tiny — it describes the noun "bird" by indicating its size. Adjectives tell us what kind, how many, or which one.
Q 8
Which sentence uses the superlative degree of an adjective?
✅ "Tallest" is a superlative adjective — it compares more than two things and shows the highest degree. Superlatives usually end in -est or use most (e.g., most beautiful).
❌ The superlative is used in option D — tallest compares the building to all others (highest degree). Comparatives (taller) compare two; superlatives compare three or more.
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5. Adverb
A word that modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb.
Definition: An adverb adds detail to a verb, adjective, or other adverb. It answers How? When? Where? How often? To what degree? Many adverbs end in -ly (quickly, softly), but not all (very, never, always, here).
quicklyveryalwayshere
Q 9
Find the adverb in: "She speaks extremely softly during meetings."
✅ Extremely is an adverb of degree — it modifies another adverb ("softly"), intensifying it. Both extremely and softly are adverbs here; extremely is the one modifying another adverb.
❌ Extremely is the adverb of degree — it modifies the adverb "softly" to intensify it. (Softly also is an adverb, but extremely tells us how softly.)
Q 10
Which sentence uses an adverb that tells when?
✅ Tomorrow is an adverb of time — it tells us when he will arrive. Other time adverbs: yesterday, soon, now, later, already.
❌ The answer is A. Tomorrow is an adverb of time answering "when?" Other options show adverbs of degree (very), place (nearby), and manner (brightly).
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6. Preposition
A word that shows the relationship between a noun and another word.
Definition: A preposition links a noun or pronoun to another word in the sentence, showing direction, place, time, cause, or manner. It always leads a prepositional phrase. Common prepositions: in, on, at, by, for, with, about, under, through, between.
inonbetweenthrough
Q 11
Identify the preposition in: "The cat is hiding under the table."
✅ Under is the preposition — it shows the spatial relationship between "cat" and "table," indicating position. The prepositional phrase here is "under the table."
❌ The preposition is under — it links the cat to the table showing where the cat is. Prepositions always form phrases with a noun (object of the preposition).
Q 12
Which sentence uses a preposition to show time?
✅ At in "at noon" is a preposition of time — it tells us when the meeting happens. Prepositions of time include at, on, in, by, before, after, during, since, until.
❌ The answer is D — at noon uses "at" as a preposition of time. The others show place (beside, under) and direction (through).
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7. Conjunction
A word that connects words, phrases, or clauses together.
Definition: A conjunction joins parts of a sentence. Coordinating conjunctions (FANBOYS: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) connect equal elements. Subordinating conjunctions (because, although, if, when) connect a dependent clause to a main clause. Correlative conjunctions work in pairs: either…or, neither…nor, both…and.
andbutbecausealthough
Q 13
Which conjunction correctly combines the sentences: "It was raining. We went for a walk."
✅ Yet is the right coordinating conjunction — it shows contrast (despite the rain, they walked). It's one of the FANBOYS: For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So.
❌ The correct answer is A. Yet shows contrast between two equal ideas. "Because" shows cause, not contrast, and wouldn't make logical sense here.
Q 14
Identify the subordinating conjunction in: "Although it was late, she continued to study."
✅ Although is a subordinating conjunction — it introduces the dependent clause "it was late" and connects it to the main clause. It expresses concession (contrast/surprise).
❌ The answer is Although — it is a subordinating conjunction that introduces a dependent clause and joins it to the main idea. Others like because, if, when, since work the same way.
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8. Interjection
A word or phrase that expresses strong emotion or reaction.
Definition: An interjection is an exclamatory word thrown into a sentence to express emotion — surprise, joy, pain, or urgency. It has no grammatical connection to the rest of the sentence. Strong interjections take an exclamation mark; mild ones take a comma. Examples: Wow!, Ouch!, Alas, Oh, Hurray!
Wow!Ouch!Oh!Alas
Q 15
Which sentence contains an interjection?
✅ Hurray! is an interjection — it expresses excitement and joy. It stands alone and has no grammatical link to the rest of the sentence. The exclamation mark signals strong emotion.
❌ The correct answer is B. Hurray! is an interjection expressing joy. Interjections are burst words that show emotion and are usually followed by "!" or ",".
Q 16
Which word is used as a mild interjection (not a strong exclamation)?
✅ Well is a mild interjection — it is followed by a comma rather than an exclamation mark, indicating a pause or hesitation rather than strong emotion. Other mild interjections: Oh, Hmm, Alas, Indeed.
❌ The answer is C — Well (followed by a comma) is a mild interjection showing hesitation. Strong interjections like Ouch! and Hurray! use exclamation marks because of their intensity.